Oceania, Indonesia

INDONESIA

INTRODUCTION

Indonesia is an archipelago comprising approximately 17,508 islands about 6,000 of which are inhabited. It encompasses 34 provinces  with over 238 million people, making it the world's fourth most populous country. The nation's capital city is Jakarta. The country shares land borders with Papua New Guinea, East Timor, and Malaysia. Indonesia has 1,919,440 square kilometers.

CLIMATE

On Indonesia there are only two climates: alpine climate and monsoon climate. 

The monsoon climate is a warm climate so the temperature never downs below 18 degrees and it’s around 25. There are two seasons with 6 month each one the dry season that don´t rains so much and the wet season that rains a lot.All of indonesia is coverd by these climate except in the Haok mountais.

   RIVERS

The rivers are small because they born nearly the sea. They are irregular and carry a lot of water because it rain´s a lot but less on the dry season.

PLANTS

The 60 % of Indonesia is covered by forest. There are big trees with big tops. The vegetation is very abundant because there are water and sun almost all the year.

ANIMALS

There are a lot of insects because almost all the year is at the same temperature but there are a lot of mammals like rhinos, tigers, monkeys, elephants etc. There are a lot of mammals because there is a lot of food for them and they have space.

MOUNTAINS

All the mountains are new mountains .The highest place in Indonesia is on the Haok Mountains with more than 5000 meters.

  

TSUNAMI

in 2004 there was a tsunami in indonesia that causes a lot of damages.These are some images form it

.http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-ARPtQI4X0

ECONOMY

Indonesia has the largest economy in Southeast Asia and is one of the emerging market economies of the world. The country is also a member of G-20 major economies and classified as a newly industrialized country. The economy was in chaos with 1,000% annual inflation 1960 when this country started to export. The money evaluation of the rupiah to improve export competitiveness but in few years for the oil that this country gets it`s really amazing for example in The rupiah, which had been in the Rp 2,600/USD1 range at the start of August 1997 fell to 11,000/USD1 by January 1998, with spot rates around 15,000 for brief periods during the first half of 1998. It returned to 8,000/USD1 range at the end of 1998 and has generally traded in the Rp 8,000–10,000/USD1 range ever since, with fluctuations that are relatively predictable and gradual. But now the situation of the country is more stable.

AGRICULTURE &LIVESTOCK

About 12% of the land is cultivated , much of the arable land is in Java. Approximately 55 % of the working population, 70.4 million workers are engaged in agriculture, either as owners of small farms or as laborers on other properties. Small farms , which produce subsistence crops also contribute significantly to the cultivation of rubber and snuff production and total exports. Plantations producing rubber, snuff , sugar , palm oil , coffee , tea and cocoa , which is used mainly for export.

Rice is the staple food of the country, its annual production in the late 1980s was of 41.8 million . Most rice is grown in Java. Other important crops are cassava, maize, sweet potatoes, coconuts , sugar cane , soybeans, groundnuts ( peanuts ) , tea, coffee and snuff . The annual rubber production is approximately 1.1 million tones.

In the late 1980s, the country had about 12.7 million heads of goats, 6.5 million cattle, 5.4 million sheep, 3 million buffaloes, 6.5 million head of cattle pigs and 410 million poultry.

DEFORESTATION

Almost two thirds of the surface is covered by Indonesia forest and jungle, especially in Borneo, Sumatra and eastern Indonesia. Almost all areas of forest are state property. The timber production reached 173.6 million m3 per year in the late 1980s. In addition to the woods with industrial value, occurred in significant amounts of teak wood, ebony, bamboo and rattan. Indonesia is the world's largest exporter of veneer or plywood.

  

RECEPIE FROM INDONESIA

Ingredients:
1 wholechicken , cut into 6-8 pieces and wash
2 key limes or 1 lime
10 garlic
10 shallots
6 candlenuts
2 tablespoons ground toasted coriander seeds
1/2 tablespoons salt
400 milliliter pure coconut water (this is special for cooking so no sugar added)
200 milliliter water
10 salam (Indonesian bay) leaves

For Kremes :
4 tablespoons fried garlic ready to use
250 milliliter chicken broth, a leftover from boiling chicken with spices
250 milliliter water
1 egg, beaten
1/4 cup organic brown rice flour (you can always use regular rice flour)
1/2 – 1 teaspoon salt
1 teaspoon ground white pepper

Methods:
1. Grind candlenuts, shallot and garlic into a paste. Traditionally this process uses a mortar and pestle. However, my food processor did the job faster.

2. In a pot, combine chicken pieces, freshly squeezed key lime juice, spice paste, ground toasted coriander seeds, pure coconut water, water and salam leaves.

3. Cook over medium heat about 20-30 minutes or until the liquid is about 250 milliliter left.

4. Remove chicken from the pot, set aside and deep fry until golden brown on each side. Place on a brown paper to absorb the oil. You can also use a broil method if you want to reduce the oil consumption.

Kremes (Crunchy Flakes):
1. Grind the fried garlic, then combine it with rice flour, ground white pepper and salt. In a big bowl, add leftover chicken broth, water and beaten egg; whisk. Add rice flour mixtures in to a chicken broth mixture and whisk.

2. Using a ladle, add 1 ladle of kremes mixture into a fryer or wok and fry the kremes over high heat. Remove from fryer with a strainer and place on a brown paper to absorb the oil. Only do one ladle each time and repeat this step until all kremes mixture is used up.

Serve fried chicken over kremes with sides of sambal bajak (Javanese sambal) or sambal terasi and raw or blanched/boiled vegetables.